Physical Unit Converter

How this converter is designed

This tool follows a dimension-based model. Each unit is defined by (1) a physical dimension vector and (2) a mapping to SI. Conversion happens in two steps: source unit to SI, then SI to target unit. If the dimensions do not match, conversion is invalid by definition.

That means conversions are not fragile hardcoded pairs like mph -> km/h only. Instead, any two units that share the same physical dimension can be converted consistently.

SI base units and their meaning

Any derived physical quantity can be represented as a power combination of these base units (for example, force = kg·m/s²).

SI prefixes (k, M, G, ...)

SI prefixes scale units by powers of ten. Common examples:milli = 10^-3,kilo = 10^3,mega = 10^6,giga = 10^9,tera = 10^12.

Because prefixes are defined systematically, units like mm, cm, km, mA, kPa, and MHz can be handled from the same core rule.

Derived units and examples

• newton (N): force, defined as kg·m/s².
• pascal (Pa): pressure, defined as N/m².
• joule (J): energy, defined as N·m.
• watt (W): power, defined as J/s.
• hertz (Hz): frequency, defined as 1/s.
• coulomb (C): electric charge, defined as A·s.
• volt (V): electric potential, defined as W/A.
• ohm (Ohm): resistance, defined as V/A.

The converter includes SI and non-SI practical units (like mph, psi, atm, BTU, hp, and gallon) as long as they can be mapped to the same underlying dimension.

Important interpretation notes

• Base64-style string conversion is unrelated to unit conversion; this tool converts physical quantities only.
• Temperature uses affine conversion (offset + scale), not simple multiplication.
• Rounding differences may appear depending on displayed precision.
• Always check context-specific standards (engineering code, lab standard, regulation) before final reporting.